新概念三寫作訓(xùn)練營第六天

一、There was a time when the owners of shops and businesses in Chicago had to pay large sums of money to gangsters in return for 'protection'.

曾經(jīng)有一個時期，芝加哥的店主和商行的老板們不得不拿出大筆的錢給歹徒以換取“保護(hù)”。

【解析】

1. Sum: “金額，款項”，注意這是一個可數(shù)名詞，所以這里的large sums of money也可以表達(dá)為a large sum of money，一大筆錢。后面通常接of sth，比如，You will be fined the sum of ￡200. 你將被罰款 200 英鎊。

2.In return for: “作為（對…的）回報”，比如，Can I buy you lunch in return for your help? 感謝你幫忙，我請你吃午飯好嗎？注意這里的介詞是for. 

作業(yè)一、我們小的時候父母為我們花費了大量的金錢，等他們老了，我們也有義務(wù)贍養(yǎng)他們。

Our parents spent a large sum of money on us when we were young, and in return for that, we are obliged to give them support in their old age.

二、If the money was not paid promptly, the gangsters would quickly put a man out of business by destroying his shop.  

如果交款不及時，歹徒們就會很快搗毀他的商店，讓他破產(chǎn)。

【解析】

1. Prompt: “立即的；迅速的；及時的”，比如，Prompt payment of the invoice would be appreciated. 見發(fā)票即付款，將不勝感激。

2. Put out of business: “使破產(chǎn)，使無法進(jìn)行”，比如，The new regulations will put many small businesses out of business. 新法規(guī)將使很多小企業(yè)關(guān)閉。

作業(yè)二、很多年輕人在創(chuàng)立公司一到兩年內(nèi)都破產(chǎn)了，原因很簡單：他們對真實的商業(yè)世界缺乏經(jīng)驗。

Many young people are put out of business within one or two years of starting their own company, for the simple reason that they have little experience in the real business world.

三、There were hardly any trees on the island and there was no water, but this did not prove to be a problem.

島上幾乎沒有一棵樹，也沒有淡水，但這不算什么問題。

【解析】

1. Hardly: “幾乎不，幾乎沒有”，比如，Hardly a day goes by without my thinking of her (= I think of her almost every day). 我?guī)缀跆焯煜胫?。另外，這個詞用在can 或 could 之后，主要動詞之前，用來強(qiáng)調(diào)做某事很難，比如，I could hardly believe it when I read the letter. 讀到那封信時，我簡直不敢相信。

2. Prove:“結(jié)果是，證明是，后來被發(fā)現(xiàn)是”，這里相當(dāng)于turn out，比如，The promotion proved to be a turning point in his career. 這次提升最后證明是他職業(yè)生涯的一個轉(zhuǎn)折點。

作業(yè)三、人們簡直不敢相信新聞里那個瘦弱的小女孩撐起了整個家，他們希望媒體的報道能成為她人生的轉(zhuǎn)折點。

People can hardly believe that this thin little girl in the news has supported the whole family on her own, and they hope that the media coverage could prove to be a turning point in her life.

四、She intended to dress up as a ghost and as she had made her costume the night before, she was impatient to try it on.

她打算裝扮成鬼的模樣。頭天晚上她已把化裝服做好，這時她急于想試試。

【解析】

1. Intend to: “計劃，打算”，這個詞較正式，但很常用，指對未來的行動做出打算，并力爭實現(xiàn)。比如，I fully intended to pay for the damage. 我確實誠心想賠償損失。

2. Dress up: “喬裝打扮，穿上盛裝”，比如，The boys were all dressed up as pirates.這些男孩子都裝扮成了海盜。

3. Impatient: “不耐煩的，沒有耐心的”，后面可以接with sb. /sth. 或者是at sth. 比如，Try not to be too impatient with her. 盡量別對她太沒耐心。

作業(yè)四、很多人都把自己的刻薄語言粉飾成直率或者坦誠，然而，他們沒有意識到這樣做只會展示他們的低情商。

Many people intend to dress up their harsh words as frankness or honesty, but they can hardly realize that this only demonstrates their lack of emotional intelligence.

五、You either starve to death or live like Robinson Crusoe, waiting for a boat which never comes.

你要么餓死，要么像魯濱孫那樣，天天盼船來，卻總不見船影。

【解析】

1. Either…or: “要么…要么，不是…就是，或者…或者”，這個表達(dá)也是大家耳熟能詳?shù)牧?，比如，Either he could not come or he did not want to. 要么是不能來，要么就是不想來。需要注意的是，either ... or ... 與兩個單數(shù)名詞連用時，謂語動詞可用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)；用復(fù)數(shù)動詞比較不正式。

2. Waiting for a boat which never comes: 這里waiting是分詞作后置定語的用法，修飾前面的Robinson Crusoe. 后面which引導(dǎo)一個定語從句，修飾前面的boat. 

作業(yè)五、你要么就停止告訴孩子們怎么做，要么就自己努力工作，給他們樹立一個榜樣——當(dāng)父母就坐在旁邊玩游戲時，沒有哪個小孩有努力學(xué)習(xí)的動力。

Either you stop telling your children what to do or you set a good example for them by devoting yourself to work -no children feel the urge to work hard when they see their parents playing games beside them.