6~9歲讀讀詩,小時候就磨個耳朵

2017-9-14 18:06 原創(chuàng)

詩歌——閱讀

Poetry - Read

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介紹

Introduction

詩使用想象語言來對感受和想法進行描述。詩歌形式多樣化,并且,不都是押韻的。

A poem uses imaginative language to express feelings and ideas. There are many types of poetry, and not all of them rhyme.

應包含:

This section includes:

敘事詩

Narrative poems

詩歌遵循一個模式

Poems that follow a pattern

具象詩

Shape or concrete poetry

無意詩

Nonsense poetry

詩歌特征

Features of poetry

明喻,暗喻,擬人化

Similes, metaphors and personification

·敘事詩

·Narrative poems

有些詩歌是講述故事。這些詩歌的形式是十分長,且很有韻律。在寫作和書籍成為主流之前,人們曾用敘事詩來講述故事。韻腳和韻律使得故事更容易被記住,且易于傳唱給他人。

Some poems tell stories. These poems tend to be quite long and often rhyme. Before writing and books were common, people used narrative poetry to tell stories. The rhymes and the rhythm made the stories easy to remember and pass on to other people.

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敘事詩的典范,以一首英國人最愛的英語詩歌為例---->古舟子詠, 節(jié)選于第二部分II

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古舟子詠---柯勒律治

The Rime of the Ancient Mariner by Samuel Taylor Coleridge is a good example of a narrative poem.

“過了一天,又是一天, 
我們停滯在海上無法動彈; 
就像一幅畫中的航船, 
停在一幅畫中的海面。

Day after day, day after day, 
We stuck, nor breath nor motion; 
As idle as a painted ship 
Upon a painted ocean. 
“水呵水,到處都是水, 
船上的甲板卻在干涸; 
水呵水,到處都是水, 
卻沒有一滴能解我焦渴。

Water, water, every where, 
And all the boards did shrink; 
Water, water, every where, 
Nor any drop to drink. 
它講述了當其他船員已逝,獨留一名船員的孤獨故事。(不僅僅是孤獨,還有宗教色彩等等,值得一看)
 

It tells the story of a sailor left alone on a boat when the rest of the crew dies.

柯勒律治的這種“戲劇性獨白”的創(chuàng)作風格被華茲華斯(詩人)在《序曲》中充分采用,且對詩人羅伯特?勃郎寧(詩人)影響很大。

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以下摘選自網(wǎng)絡

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柯勒律治是韻腳和韻律的高手,我們以171-176行為例來分析,
The western wave was all a-flame;
The day was well nigh done:
Almost upon the western wave
Rested the broad bright sun;
When that strange shape drove suddenly
Betwixt us and the sun.
頭韻:western、wave、was、well、when;day、done;broad、bright;strange、suddenly、sun。
內(nèi)韻:wave、flame;strange、shape; us、sun。
尾韻: abab (171-174行)

 

第一、三、五句用的是四音部抑揚格(iambic tetrameter),第二、四、六句用的是三音部抑揚格(iambic trimeter),具體如下:
–′ –′ – ′ –′
The wes/tern wave /was all/a-flame;
– ′–′ – ′
The day/was well/nigh done:
′––′ –′ –′
Almost/upon/the wes/tern wave
′ – –′ – ′
Rested/the broad/bright sun;
–′– ′ –′ – –
When that/strange shape/drove sud/denly
–′ –′ –′
Betwixt/us and/the sun.
 

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要和小包子一起學習,但是喜歡不喜歡看他自己,目前,他還是很符合當下的年齡狀態(tài),對韻律沒有抵抗力。


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