2016
Roald Dahl 的名作
??「分享理由」
羅爾德的大作，具有他個人強(qiáng)大的寫作特色，用詞多樣，描述生動形象。
孩子們可以在書中學(xué)到“大道理”，自己總結(jié)出正確的行為應(yīng)該是怎樣。（至少我最近發(fā)現(xiàn)笙哥是這樣，5歲多的娃能從書里總結(jié)出，壞孩子要受到懲罰。（見文末視頻））
大孩子們，也可以從中得到樂趣。
看完這本書，還可以配上改編版電影，和孩子一起看電影。
??「分享的大背景」
??又是一年暑期中搬磚上課的Hermi. 但是親子閱讀依然繼續(xù)～
??「作者介紹」
“羅爾德·達(dá)爾，著名奇幻文學(xué)大師，生于英國，父母為挪威人，二戰(zhàn)時參加過英國空軍，當(dāng)過戰(zhàn)斗飛行員，還寫過幾部007劇本。其作品中多有恐怖情節(jié)和鬧劇風(fēng)味，故事構(gòu)思奇特、想象新穎，曾兩度獲“愛倫·坡文學(xué)獎”和英國“白面包獎”?！?/p>
—來源：百度
??「作者的其他作品」
Roald Dahl-The Enormous Crocodile
以上是《查理和巧克力工廠》這本書的難度值。
??「本書簡介」
該書講述了世界最大的巧克力工廠的主人威利·旺卡先生意欲為自己的工廠尋找一位接班人，于是在全球的旺卡巧克力包裝紙中放入了五張金獎券。獲得獎券的五位幸運(yùn)兒童可以偕同自己的家人參觀巧克力工廠。在參觀的過程中，五個孩子之間展開激烈的競爭，最后的勝利者將有機(jī)會接管威利·旺卡先生龐大的巧克力工廠。獎券的獲得者是五個來自不同環(huán)境的個性迥異的兒童。前四位獎券得主在性格上都有一定的缺陷，他們或任性自私，或貪婪無禮，所以在旅途中，每過一個地方，都有一個孩子慘遭淘汰并受到相應(yīng)的懲罰。最后一張獎券的獲得者小查理來自一個貧困的家庭，看起來一副營養(yǎng)不良的樣子，但他瘦弱的外表下卻隱藏著一顆善良堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的心，他勇敢地面對生活中的各種逆境。在參觀旺卡巧克力工廠的奇幻旅程中，他以同樣的勇氣和智慧面對各種挑戰(zhàn)，順利地通過了威利·旺卡先生的各種考驗(yàn)，成為巧克力工廠的繼承人，從此和家人過上了幸福的生活。
（來源：百度百科）
這本還有改編版電影??
?? 「角色-Characters」
??Five Children
開卷的時候，每一本Roald Dahl的書都有個介紹。
AUGUSTUS GLOOP A greedy boy
VERUCA SALT— A girl who is spoiled by her parents
VIOLET BEAUREGARDE— A girl who chews gum all day long
MIKE TEAVEE— A boy who does nothing but watch television
And CHARLIE BUCKET— The hero
?Mr. Willy Wonka
?「人物性格和外形- Personalities & Appearances」
?? AUGUSTUS GLOOP
The picture showed a nine-year-old boy who was so enormously fat he looked as though he had been blown up with a powerful pump. Great flabby folds of fat bulged out from every part of his body, and his face was like a monstrous ball of dough with two small greedy curranty eyes peering out upon the world.
作者關(guān)鍵詞：超重/ 松軟的肥肉鼓出來/ 只能看到那雙貪婪的小眼睛（??=葡萄干似得）
我的感受：這是這位作者的風(fēng)格，如果他懟人，一定把對方氣哭。
兒砸的感受：他對這位印象深刻，還說這位是個壞孩子。請看文末小視頻。
?? VERUCA SALT
Then I had them loaded on to trucks and sent directly to my own factory. I'm in the peanut business, you see, and I've got about a hundred women working for me over at my place, shelling peanuts for roasting and salting. That's what they do all day long, those women, they sit there shelling peanuts. So I says to them, "Okay, girls," I says, "from now on, you can stop shelling peanuts and start shelling the wrappers off these chocolate bars instead!" And they did. I had every worker in the place yanking the paper off those bars of chocolate full speed ahead from morning till night.
??Veruca Salt是個被寵壞的小女孩，她會一天到晚哭喊著要東西，而她父親的描述也很有意思，大意就是“我可受不了看到自己女兒哭，所以我只好滿足她啦?！痹谖铱磥?，作者隱含的意思，是父親不約束，反正有錢，就請勞苦的女工滿足女兒的一切。
?? VIOLET BEAUREGARDE
And the famous girl was standing on a chair in the living room waving the Golden Ticket madly at arm's length as though she were flagging a taxi. She was talking very fast and very loudly to everyone, but it was not easy to hear all that she said because she was chewing so ferociously upon a piece of gum at the same time.
And was she furious! It's my most treasured possession now, this piece of gum is. At night-time, I just stick it on the end of the bedpost, and it's as good as ever in the mornings — a bit hard at first, maybe, but it soon softens up again after I've given it a few good chews. Before I started chewing for the world record, I used to change my piece of gum once a day. I used to do it in our lift on the way home from school. Why the lift? Because I liked sticking the gooey piece that I'd just finished with on to one of the control buttons. Then the next person who came along and pressed the button got my old gum on the end of his or her finger. Ha-ha! And what a racket they kicked up, some of them. You get the best results with women who have expensive gloves on.
Beastly girl,' said Grandma Josephine.
'Despicable!' said Grandma Georgina.
??Violet 的這個人物描述，真的是會讓讀者產(chǎn)生嚴(yán)重的生理反胃????。這位小姑娘很喜歡嚼口香糖，還會嚼過夜口香糖，還會把口香糖貼在電梯??按鈕上，下一個進(jìn)電梯的陌生人會粘上她的萬年口香糖。
?? MIKE TEAVEE
'The nine-year-old boy was seated before an enormous television set, with his eyes glued to the screen, and he was watching a film in which one bunch of gangsterswas shooting up another bunch of gangsters with machine guns. Mike Teavee himself had no less than eighteen toy pistols of various sizes hanging from beltsaround his body, and every now and again he would leap up into the air and fire off half a dozen rounds from one or another of these weapons.
??Mike Teavee，正如名字里的諧音，這個小男孩癡迷TV。
?? CHARLIE BUCKET
The whole of this family — the six grown-ups (count them) and little Charlie Bucket — live together in a small wooden house on the edge of a great town.
The house wasn't nearly large enough for so many people, and life was extremely uncomfortable for them all. There were only two rooms in the place altogether, and there was only one bed. The bed was given to the four old grandparents because they were so old and tired. They were so tired, they never got out of it.
??Charlie Bucket：這里是對查理一家的描述，爸媽，加上四個老人。家徒四壁，只有兩個房間，只有一張床。那張床也只是給四個老人躺的。
Mr Bucket was the only person in the family with a job. He worked in a toothpaste factory, where he sat all day long at a bench and screwed the little caps on to the tops of the tubes of toothpaste after the tubes had been filled. But a toothpaste cap-screwer is never paid very much money, and poor Mr Bucket, however hard he worked, and however fast he screwed on the caps, was never able to make enough to buy one half of the things that so large a family needed. There wasn't even enough money to buy proper food for them all.
??Charlie Bucket：查理一家全都靠父親養(yǎng)活。而父親也只是一家牙膏廠的工人。
The only meals they could afford were bread and margarine for breakfast, boiled potatoes and cabbage for lunch, and cabbage soup for supper. Sundays were a bit better. They all looked forward to Sundays because then, although they had exactly the same, everyone was allowed a second helping.
??Charlie Bucket：收入微薄的爸爸，能給一家人供應(yīng)的一日三餐少的可憐。
The Buckets, of course, didn't starve, but every one of them — the two old grandfathers, the two old grandmothers, Charlie's father, Charlie's mother, and especially little Charlie himself — went about from morning till night with a horrible empty feeling in their tummies.
??Charlie Bucket：查理一家每日都是吃不飽，肚子空空。
Twice a day, on his way to and from school, little Charlie Bucket had to walk right past the gates of the factory. And every time he went by, he would begin to walk very, very slowly, and he would hold his nose high in the air and take long deep sniffs of the gorgeous chocolatey smell all around him.
?Charlie Bucket：查理每日放學(xué)后，會路過巧克力工廠。每次路過，他都會刻意走地很慢，使勁地吸從工廠里飄出來的巧克力味。這不就是“望梅止渴”嘛。
?? Mr Willy Wonka
He had a black top hat on his head.
He wore a tail coat made of a beautiful plum-coloured velvet.
His trousers were bottle green. His gloves were pearly grey.
And in one hand he carried a fine gold-topped walking cane.
?? Willy Wonka: 工廠大老板，以上是對他的描述，畫面感很強(qiáng)了。是個有點(diǎn)神經(jīng)質(zhì)，有點(diǎn)特別的主角了。
Graceful trees and bushes were growing along the riverbanks — weeping willows and alders and tall clumps of rhododendrons with their pink and red and mauve blossoms. In the meadows there were thousands of buttercups.
??這里描述的是進(jìn)入工廠內(nèi)部后，映入眼簾的風(fēng)景。
'There!' cried Mr Wonka, dancing up and down and pointing his gold-topped cane at the great brown river. 'It's all chocolate! Every drop of that river is hot melted chocolate of the finest quality. The very finest quality. There's enough chocolate in there to fill every bathtub in the entire country! And all the swimming pools as well! Isn't it terrific? And just look at my pipes! They suck up the chocolate and carry it away to all the other rooms in the factory where it is needed! Thousands of gallons an hour, my dear children! Thousands and thousands of gallons!’
??這里描述的是工廠里的巧克力河。
The children and their parents were too flabbergasted to speak. They were staggered. They were dumbfounded. They were bewildered and dazzled. They were completely bowled over by the hugeness of the whole thing. They simply stood and stared.
??這個片段側(cè)面顯示出工廠有多神奇壯觀，五個孩子和父母們都驚呆了。
?Roald Dahl的文風(fēng)就出來了，用了一堆的“替換詞”來描述吃驚：flabbergasted/ staggered/ dumbfounded/ bewildered/ stood and stared
?? The Oompa-Loompas
Nothing but thick jungles infested by the most dangerous beasts in the world — hornswogglers and snozzwangers and those terrible wicked whangdoodles. A whangdoodle would eat ten Oompa-Loompas for breakfast and come galloping back for a second helping.
When I went out there, I found the little Oompa-Loompas living in tree houses.They had to live in tree houses to escape from the whangdoodles and the hornswogglers and the snozzwangers. And they were living on green caterpillars, and the caterpillars tasted revolting, and the Oompa-Loompas spent every moment of their days climbing through the treetops looking for other things to mash up with the caterpillars to make them taste better — red beetles, for instance, and eucalyptus leaves, and the bark of the bong-bong tree, all of them beastly, but not quite so beastly as the caterpillars. Poor little Oompa-Loompas! The one food that they longed for more than any other was the cacao bean. But they couldn't get it.
So I shipped them all over here, every man, woman, and child in the Oompa-Loompa tribe. It was easy. I smuggled them over in large packing cases with holes in them, and they all got here safely. They are wonderful workers. They all speak English now. They love dancing and music. They are always making up songs. I expect you will hear a good deal of singing today from time to time. I must warn you, though, that they are rather mischievous. They like jokes. They still wear the same kind of clothes they wore in the jungle. They insist upon that. The men, as you can see for yourselves across the river, wear only deerskins. The women wear leaves, and the children wear nothing at all. The women use fresh leaves every day . . .’
??這是對巧克力工廠里的“小矮人”的描述，Hermi第一次看的時候，第一反應(yīng)是……童工，再往下看，覺得是非洲殖民地來的一群人，妥妥的“大人世界視角”。
When Mr Wonka turned round and saw what Augustus Gloop was doing, he cried out, 'Oh, no! Please, Augustus, please! I beg of you not to do that. My chocolate must be untouched by human hands!'
…..
'This stuff is fabulous!' said Augustus, taking not the slightest notice of his mother or Mr Wonka. 'Gosh, I need a bucket to drink it properly!'
…..
But Augustus was deaf to everything except the call of his enormous stomach. He was now lying full length on the ground with his head far out over the river, lapping up the chocolate like a dog.
'Augustus!' shouted Mrs Gloop. 'You'll be giving that nasty cold of yours to about a million people all over the country!'
Mr Gloop was absolutely right. For suddenly there was a shriek, and then a splash, and into the river went Augustus Gloop, and in one second he had disappeared under the brown surface.
'Save him!' screamed Mrs Gloop, going white in the face, and waving her umbrella about. 'He'll drown! He can't swim a yard! Save him! Save him!'
'I am doing something!' said Mr Gloop, who was now taking off his jacket and getting ready to dive into the chocolate. But while he was doing this, the wretched boy was being sucked closer and closer towards the mouth of one of the great pipes that was dangling down into the river. Then all at once, the powerful suction took hold of him completely, and he was pulled under the surface and then into the mouth of the pipe.
??這是描述第一個孩子“受到懲罰”的場面，因?yàn)樨澇?，Augustus 被吸入了大管道里。
The watchers below could see the chocolate swishing around the boy in the pipe, and they could see it building up behind him in a solid mass, pushing against the blockage. The pressure was terrific. Something had to give. Something did give, and that something was Augustus. WHOOF! Up he shot again like a bullet in the barrel of a gun.
….
How can he possibly come out just fine!' snapped Mrs Gloop. 'He'll be made into marshmallows in five seconds!’
'Impossible!' cried Mr Wonka. 'Unthinkable! Inconceivable! Absurd! He could never be made into marshmallows!’
??Augustus 的媽媽擔(dān)心兒子會被做成棉花軟糖，結(jié)果Mr. Wonka嫌棄地表示這是不可能的。
?Roald Dahl的文風(fēng)又來了，再次用一堆的“替換詞”來描述“不可能”：unthinkable/ inconceivable/ absurd/ never
??「書中詩歌帶給我們的啟發(fā)」
??每個“壞小孩”在受到懲罰的時候，總有Oompa-Loompas出來唱歌，歌詞里說明了孩子遭遇的這一切的前因后果。
Veruca Salt!' sang the Oompa-Loompas. 'Veruca Salt, the little brute,
Has just gone down the rubbish chute
…
Down goes Veruca!
Down the drain!
And here, perhaps, we should explain That she will meet, as she descends,
A rather different set of friends
To those that she has left behind — These won't be nearly so refined.
A fish head, for example, cut
This morning from a halibut.
…
A mass of others gather round:
A bacon rind, some rancid lard,
A loaf of bread gone stale and hard,
A steak that nobody could chew,
An oyster from an oyster stew,
Some liverwurst so old and grey
One swelled it from a mile away,
A rotten nut, a reeky pear,
A thing the cat left on the stair,
And lots of other things as well,
Each with a rather horrid smell.
These are Veruca's new-found friendsThat she will meet as she descends,
And this is the price she has to pay
For going so very far astray.
??舉個例子，??這是Veruca Salt，那個被寵壞了的小女孩。看到工廠里的剝核桃的小松鼠，就吵著爸媽要買個Wonka家的小松鼠???，被Mr. Wonka拒絕后，她就自己跳進(jìn)去抓。結(jié)果，松鼠沒抓成，自己倒是被松鼠扔進(jìn)了“垃圾桶”。她在“垃圾桶”里會遇到她的新朋友— 一堆的廚余垃圾。
But now, my dears, we think you might Be wondering — is it really right
That every single bit of blame
And all the scolding and the shame
Should fall upon Veruca Salt?
Is she the only one at fault?
For though she's spoiled, and dreadfully so, A girl can't spoil herself, you know.
Who spoiled her, then? Ah, who indeed? Who pandered to her every need?
Who turned her into such a brat?
Who are the culprits? Who did that?
Alas! You needn't look so far
To find out who these sinners are.
They are (and this is very sad)
Her loving parents, MUM and DAD.
And that is why we're glad they fell
Into the rubbish chute as well.'
??但是是誰養(yǎng)出了這樣的一個“驕縱的孩子”？文中直接給出了答案，是她的父母。于是，Veruca的爸媽也一并被松鼠們送入了“垃圾箱”。
??以下是那個“癡迷電視機(jī)的男孩”的詩歌。作者勸我們不要給孩子看太多的電視，否則的話，孩子們會變得朝氣全無，腦袋空空。
The most important thing we've learned, So far as children are concerned,
Is never, NEVER, NEVER let
Them near your television set —
Or better still, just don't install
The idiotic thing at all.
In almost every house we've been,
We've watched them gaping at the screen.
They loll and slop and lounge about,
And stare until their eyes pop out.
(Last week in someone's place we saw
A dozen eyeballs on the floor.)
They sit and stare and stare and sit
Until they're hypnotized by it,
Until they're absolutely drunk
With all that shocking ghastly junk.
Oh yes, we know it keeps them still,
They don't climb out the window sill,
They never fight or kick or punch,
??作者繼續(xù)闡述，給孩子看電視，的確可以把孩子們丟到一邊，讓我們耳根清靜，讓我們“自由”。但是，父母們可曾想過看電視對孩子帶來的傷害（rot the sense/ kill imagination dead/ clog and clutter up the mind/ make a child so dull and blind) ？（真的是有耐心的作者，耐心?毒舌，勸父母們認(rèn)真帶娃?？赡茴A(yù)估到孩子會和父母一起看這本書。）
They leave you free to cook the lunch And wash the dishes in the sink — But did you ever stop to think,
To wonder just exactly what
This does to your beloved tot?
IT ROTS THE SENSES IN THE HEAD!
IT KILLS IMAGINATION DEAD!
IT CLOGS AND CLUTTERS UP THE MIND!
IT MAKES A CHILD SO DULL AND BLIND
HE CAN NO LONGER UNDERSTAND
A FANTASY, A FAIRYLAND!
HIS BRAIN BECOMES AS SOFT AS CHEESE!
HIS POWERS OF THINKING RUST AND FREEZE!
HE CANNOT THINK — HE ONLY SEES!
"All right!" you'll cry. "All right!" you'll say,
"But if we take the set away,
What shall we do to entertain
Our darling children! Please explain!"
We'll answer this by asking you,
"What used the darling ones to do?
How used they keep themselves contented
Before this monster was invented?"
Have you forgotten?
Don't you know?
We'll say it very loud and slow:
THEY . . . USED TO . . . READ! They'd READ and READ, AND READ and READ, and then proceed
??作者還給出了方案，不讓娃看電視，可以讓娃看書！
TO READ some more. Great Scott! Gadzooks!
One half their lives was reading books!
The nursery shelves held books galore!
Books cluttered up the nursery floor!
And in the bedroom, by the bed,
More books were waiting to be read!
Such wondrous, fine, fantastic tales
Of dragons, gypsies, queens, and whales
And treasure isles, and distant shores
Where smugglers rowed with muffled oars,
And pirates wearing purple pants,
And sailing ships and elephants,
And cannibals crouching round the pot,
Stirring away at something hot.
(It smells so good, what can it be?
Good gracious, it's Penelope.)
The younger ones had Beatrix Potter
With Mr Tod, the dirty rotter,
And Squirrel Nutkin, Pigling Bland,
And Mrs Tiggy-Winkle and —
Just How The Camel Got His Hump,
And How The Monkey Lost His Rump,
And Mr Toad, and bless my soul,
There's Mr Rat and Mr Mole —
Oh, books, what books they used to know, Those children living long ago!
So please, oh please, we beg, we pray,
Go throw your TV set away,
And in its place you can install
A lovely bookshelf on the wall.
Then fill the shelves with lots of books, Ignoring all the dirty looks,
The screams and yells, the bites and kicks, And children hitting you with sticks — Fear not, because we promise you
That, in about a week or two
Of having nothing else to do,
They'll now begin to feel the need
Of having something good to read.
??作者還開出了“書單”，上面就是一堆著名童書的例子。
And once they start — oh boy, oh boy! You watch the slowly growing joy
That fills their hearts. They'll grow so keen They'll wonder what they'd ever seen
In that ridiculous machine,
That nauseating, foul, unclean.
Repulsive television screen!
And later, each and every kid
Will love you more for what you did.
??電影改編版
電影完美地重現(xiàn)了書中情節(jié)，只是在Mr. Wonka和父親的關(guān)系上增加了些內(nèi)容。
?Wonka為什么需要一個 “繼承人” 呢，他給出了如下解釋??
'But . . . but . . . why should you want to give your factory to little Charlie?’
'Listen,' Mr Wonka said, 'I'm an old man. I'm much older than you think. I can't go on for ever. I've got no children of my own, no family at all. So who is going to run the factory when I get too old to do it myself? Someone's got to keep it going — if only for the sake of the Oompa-Loompas. Mind you, there are thousands of clever men who would give anything for the chance to come in and take over from me, but I don't want that sort of person. I don't want a grown-up person at all. A grown-up won't listen to me; he won't learn. He will try to do things his own way and not mine. So I have to have a child. I want a good sensible loving child, one to whom I can tell all my most precious sweet-making secrets —while I am still alive.’
Mr. Wonka想要一個小孩來接手工廠，因?yàn)橛袗鄣暮⒆硬拍茉斐雒牢兜那煽肆?。如果由“大人”來接手工廠，他們是不會認(rèn)真聆聽Wonka先生的意見的。這幾句話聽著，好像Mr. Wonka也是那個孩子。
作為大人的我們，是不是也經(jīng)常不理會孩子們的想法呢。
2016
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