娃眼中的曹操

寫在前面：

這篇閱讀感悟是娃一個多月前寫的，當(dāng)時的人文作業(yè)中有一道題是如何評價曹操，娃來問我的意見，我告訴他：“我的意見不重要，你自己的意見才重要！”于是丟給他一本度陰山的《曹操——打不倒的樂觀主義者》，讓他讀讀看，算是簡單地了解一下曹操的生平。

度陰山的這本書其實(shí)算不上驚艷，也只能說是戲說曹操的一個話本吧。讀歷史、品歷史都會有自己的主觀見解融入其中，而讀史不就是為了有點(diǎn)自己的看法，

Cao Cao in my eyes

我眼中的曹操

Cao Cao, a famous politician and militarist after the fall of the Eastern Han dynasty, was not like most people thought of him.

曹操，東漢末年著名的政治家、軍事家，也許并不像大多數(shù)人心中想象的那般奸詐。

The influence of novels in the Ming and Qing dynasties has tricked people into believing he was a negative historical figure. But, to know about a person in history, we need to put our opinions aside to judge him objectively. Rigorous scholarship to study history is necessary.

可能明清小說對曹操的刻畫帶來了好多負(fù)面的影響，但我覺得，要了解一個歷史人物，不應(yīng)戴著有色眼鏡，而是應(yīng)該客觀地去評判,做一個嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)臍v史研究者。

Cao Cao was born in the later years of the Eastern Han dynasty. As a child, he didn't study as his father wished and liked hanging out, really like some of the gangsters today. Although he was naughty, Cao had the cleverness and wit to command others.

曹操生于東漢末期。孩提時，他并沒有如他父親期望的那般勤奮好學(xué)，而是像現(xiàn)代社會的小混混一般到處惹是生非。他雖頑皮，但卻聰明，有的是辦法統(tǒng)領(lǐng)他的那幫“狐朋狗友”。

As a young man, Cao started his life as a politician and militarist by working as an officer in the capital, Luoyang. He ruled fairly and fought against the eunuchs who deceived the emperor and made the empire into trouble.

青年時代的曹操開始想要改變東漢王朝腐敗、破亂的局面，實(shí)現(xiàn)他政治、軍事方面的遠(yuǎn)大抱負(fù)，費(fèi)盡心機(jī)前往東漢都城——洛陽為官，他治地公允，敢于同蒙蔽皇帝、禍亂朝廷的宦官叫板。

Cao's life changed when the corrupt ruler Dong Zhuo succeeded. Cao tried to run, but Dong put a bounty on Cao's head, which made Cao raise an army to rebel and meet other people to decide how to destroy Dong's empire.

曹操的命運(yùn)在董卓當(dāng)權(quán)的時候發(fā)生了巨大的改變。董卓重金懸賞曹操人頭，迫使曹操聚眾反叛，并與其他割據(jù)勢力聯(lián)合，試圖推翻董卓的統(tǒng)治。

The group didn't act because they feared Dong's military might, except Cao, who lost in a bloody battle. Later, Luoyang was besieged by Zhang, who was not in the group. Dong fled to Changan and was later assassinated. Meanwhile, the group dispersed because of internal disputes. 

但反董聯(lián)盟中的其他成員卻各懷鬼胎，不敢貿(mào)然出兵，只有曹操浴血奮戰(zhàn)。后來洛陽淪陷，董卓雖逃亡長安，終究難逃被刺殺的悲慘命運(yùn)。反董聯(lián)盟也因內(nèi)訌而瓦解。

Cao conquered Qingzhou and Dongjun, raising a large army. With his growing army, Cao started to invade the territories that Yuan, a former friend of his. In the fierce battles that occurred, the battle of Guandu, for example. Later, after conquering most of the territories of northern China, it formed the situation of the three states, with the Wei regime, founded by Cao in the north; the Shu regime established by Liu in the south-west; and the Wu regime based by Sun in the south-east.

曹操在征服了青州和東郡之后，軍事實(shí)力日益強(qiáng)大。官渡之戰(zhàn)曹操更是以少勝多解決掉了兒時的玩伴——袁紹這一強(qiáng)大威脅，控制了北方大部分地區(qū)，與分別控制西南、東南地區(qū)的劉備和孫權(quán)形成三足鼎立之勢。

Liu and Sun defeated Cao at the Battle of Chibi, in which they combined their forces with the same purpose of defeating Cao. Cao lost the battle. The defeat was caused by Cao's self-confidence in his troops, an illness that wiped out many combat forces, and the weather. Cao reflected on himself and made changes. In his last years, he conquered the Guanzhong area, uniting northern China at last. Cao died of a severe headache at sixty-six, dreaming he had flown to heaven.

但劉備和孫權(quán)聯(lián)合，在赤壁之戰(zhàn)中打敗了曹操，迫使曹操南下統(tǒng)一全國的野心按下了暫停鍵。雖然赤壁之戰(zhàn)曹操雄師二十萬，占有兵力上的絕對優(yōu)勢，但是天氣、瘟疫和北方士兵不習(xí)水戰(zhàn)等諸多因素都給了曹操的自信心以沉重打擊。戰(zhàn)后，曹操做了深刻的反思和調(diào)整，并加強(qiáng)了對關(guān)中地區(qū)的統(tǒng)治和對北方的統(tǒng)一。曹操死于嚴(yán)重的頭痛，享年66歲，帶著他未盡的夢想奔赴天堂。

Although Cao was defeated a few times in his life, he was always optimistic, wearing a smile that showed his optimism.

曹操一生中雖多次戰(zhàn)敗，有幾次甚至九死一生，但他總是笑對失敗，屢敗屢戰(zhàn)，真可謂是打不倒的樂觀主義者！

Cao made problems in his life, but he reflected on himself, never to make the mistakes again. Isn't this something we should study from him？

盡管曹操身上也有很多問題，但他懂得反省自己，及時調(diào)整，避免再錯，這種知錯就改、不盲目驕傲的精神難道不值得我們學(xué)習(xí)嗎？

Take the essence and discard the dregs. The analysis of a historical figure should start from both positive and negative aspects. Maybe Cao did not positively impact people, but there is always something we have to learn from him. Like his wit, courage, and optimism. 

取其精華，棄其糟粕，我們對一個歷史人物的分析也應(yīng)該從正反兩方面去看。雖然曹操在很多人心目中不是什么正面、積極的形象，但是他智慧、勇敢、樂觀的精神還是值得我們稱道和學(xué)習(xí)的。

Cao is like a big book portraying his great expectations to unite ancient China, but the pages of this "book" will not go yellow due to the speeding of time. Every time I flip open the pages, it seems brand new. It will never fade, sending us sparkes of intelligence from thousands of years ago, it will encourage us to explore and create a new world without fearless.  

曹操就像是一本歷史大書，精彩地描繪著他試圖統(tǒng)一、安定古代中國的宏愿，其中的頁面并不會因?yàn)闀r間的流逝而泛黃。相反，每一次展卷，我都能從中汲取到新的啟示和感悟。他將永遠(yuǎn)不會逝去，而是會用千年前的智慧的火花引燃我們砥礪前行的自信的火焰！